What is the result of group A blood transfused to a group O patient?

What is the result of group A blood transfused to a group O patient?

• A. Nonimmune transfusion reaction
• B. Immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction
• C. Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
• D. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer: (B)

Transfusing group A blood to a group O patient can result in an immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction. This is primarily due to the presence of anti-A antibodies in the plasma of a group O donor. When group A blood, which contains A antigens on the surface of its red blood cells, is transfused into a group O recipient, the recipient's anti-A antibodies will immediately recognize the A antigens as foreign and initiate an immune response. This response leads to rapid destruction of the transfused red blood cells through hemolysis. Immediate hemolytic reactions are typically characterized by symptoms such as fever, chills, back pain, and dark urine, which occur shortly after the transfusion starts. The severity of these reactions can vary, but they require prompt medical intervention to manage the transfusion-related complications. In contrast, other reactions such as febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions generally occur due to recipient antibodies reacting with donor leukocytes, which is a slower process and not directly related to the ABO blood group incompatibility seen in this case. Nonimmune and delayed hemolytic reactions also do not directly apply to the immediate response seen with ABO incompatibility.

Transfusing group A blood to a group O patient can result in an immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction. This is primarily due to the presence of anti-A antibodies in the plasma of a group O donor. When group A blood, which contains A antigens on the surface of its red blood cells, is transfused into a group O recipient, the recipient's anti-A antibodies will immediately recognize the A antigens as foreign and initiate an immune response. This response leads to rapid destruction of the transfused red blood cells through hemolysis.

Immediate hemolytic reactions are typically characterized by symptoms such as fever, chills, back pain, and dark urine, which occur shortly after the transfusion starts. The severity of these reactions can vary, but they require prompt medical intervention to manage the transfusion-related complications.

In contrast, other reactions such as febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions generally occur due to recipient antibodies reacting with donor leukocytes, which is a slower process and not directly related to the ABO blood group incompatibility seen in this case. Nonimmune and delayed hemolytic reactions also do not directly apply to the immediate response seen with ABO incompatibility.