What is the role of Rh immune globulin (RhIg) in pregnancy?

Rh immune globulin (RhIg) plays a critical role in preventing the sensitization of an Rh-negative mother to Rh-positive fetal red blood cells. During pregnancy or delivery, if there is any mixing of maternal and fetal blood, an Rh-negative mother can develop antibodies against Rh-positive red cells, which could lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn in subsequent pregnancies. RhIg is administered to Rh-negative mothers at certain times during pregnancy, such as around the 28th week and within 72 hours after delivery, to prevent the mother's immune system from recognizing and attacking Rh-positive cells. This proactive measure safeguards future pregnancies by ensuring that the mother does not become immunized against Rh-positive blood, thus protecting her potential Rh-positive babies from hemolytic disease.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary purpose of RhIg. It is not used to treat existing hemolytic disease; instead, it is a preventive measure. While it does support a safer pregnancy by preventing sensitization, it does not correct blood type discrepancies in the mother, nor does it facilitate delivery; its main focus is on preventing immunization against Rh-positive red cells.